Mark, this may be a bit lengthy, so let me apologize in advance. My sources on this are many, but most of the information will come from various Janes books and a great series on WWII aircraft from 1970 that I found in a used bookstore and from the web.
As I noted on the board, Norm once posted that the work on the air units was only slightly better than that done on the naval units. While this was an exaggeration (the naval part of the game stinks), there is still many corrections needed on the air units. I won't go into rants on the numbers (i.e. anti-air str, etc..) but more so on the game stated release dates and some on the quantities/dates used in your scenario. I understand the limitations the game imposes on you so use this information at your discretion. TOAW is a great game, but unfortunately, the focus is more on the land than the air and even less on the naval. However, the air can still play a big part in the battles.
I'll start with the Axis planes (since they are the easiest ;) ).
First I'll compare game release dates to actual then look at any "stand out" air units in your game. I'll not go into unit designations, you've done a great job here.
(note: before I start the air dissertation J , I noticed that your have a temperate/warm/hot zones. Why wasn't a cold or, at least, cool zone used for zone 1?...just curious).
back to the fun.
I also tried to give exact start (month) and end dates for the planes when possible.
AXIS PLANES USED IN EA
| Plane Type | TOAW Start | EA Start | EA End | Actual Start | Actual End |
| Me 109 Early |
1937 |
Jul-39 |
Apr-42 |
1937 |
mid 1942 |
| Me 109 Late |
1942 |
Apr-42 |
end |
early 1942 |
1970's! |
| Ju 87 Early |
1938 |
Jul-39 |
Nov-41 |
1938 |
1942 |
| Ju 87 Late |
1941 |
Nov-41 |
end |
1942 |
1945 |
| He 111 |
1939 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1936 |
1944 |
| Ju 88 early |
1939 |
Jul-39 |
Sep-43 |
1939 |
Jan-44 |
| Ju 88 Late |
1943 |
Sep-43 |
end |
Jan-44 |
end |
| Me 110 |
1939 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1939 |
end |
| Me 110G |
1942 |
Jul-39 |
Jul-42 |
1942 |
end |
| Do 217 |
1940 |
Jul-39 |
end |
Late 1940 |
end |
| Fw 190 early |
1941 |
Jan-41 |
May-42 |
Sep-41 |
end |
| Fw 190 late |
1942 |
May-42 |
end |
Apr-43 |
end |
| He 177 |
1942 |
Jul-42 |
end |
1943 |
end |
| He 219 |
1942 |
Jan-42 |
end |
1942 |
end |
| Me 410 |
1943 |
Feb-43 |
end |
1943 |
end |
| AR 234 |
1944 |
Apr-44 |
end |
Oct-44 |
end |
| Ju 88G |
1944 |
Jan-43 |
end |
Jun-44 |
end |
| Me 163 |
1944 |
Jul-44 |
end |
Jun-44 |
end |
| Me 262 |
1944 |
Sep-44 |
end |
Oct-44 |
end |
| He 162 |
1945 |
Jul-44 |
end |
Jan-45 |
end |
| Ta 152 |
1945 |
Sep-44 |
end |
Dec-44 |
end |
| Ba 65 |
1935 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1935 |
end |
| CR 32 |
1935 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1933 |
1941 |
| SM 81 |
1935 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1935 |
1942 |
| BR 20 |
1933 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1936 |
end |
| SM 79 |
1937 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1934 |
1944 |
| BA 88 |
1938 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1938 |
1942 |
| Z 1007 BiS |
1938 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1939 |
end |
| CR 42 |
1937 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1938 |
Dec-43 |
| G. 50 |
1940 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1940 |
1943 |
| MC 200 |
1939 |
Jul-39 |
end |
1939 |
end |
| MC 202 |
1941 |
Aug-41 |
end |
Jul-41 |
end |
| Re 2001 |
1941 |
Jul-41 |
Apr-42 |
May-42 |
Apr-44 |
| Sm 84 |
1941 |
Aug-41 |
end |
1941 |
end |
| P 108 |
1942 |
Mar-42 |
end |
1941 |
end |
| G. 55 |
1943 |
Jan-43 |
end |
1943 |
end |
| MC 205 |
1943 |
Apr-43 |
end |
Jun-43 |
end |
| Re 2005 |
1943 |
Jun-43 |
end |
1943 |
end |
| SM 79 III |
1943 |
Oct-43 |
end |
1944 |
end |
| Z 1018 |
1943 |
Sep-43 |
end |
? |
? |
Note: Red indicates errors in yours or Norms data. Your call as to whether or not to do anything about it.
Production Issues:
The following planes either saw NO action, little action or had production numbers so low that there inclusion in this game is not necessary:
He-177, over 1,000 were built but this plane never saw action. You have 120 allotted.
He-219, less than 300 built. You have 36 allotted.
He-162, was almost the German version of a kamikaze airplane (the Germans being much saner than the Japanese.) Less than 300 produced, you have almost 200 allotted.
If you keep the Jet Group, then there should be MORE of these planes and fewer 163s.
Ta-152, Kurt Tanks awesome baby. Rebuilt FW 190-Dora designed to beat the P-51 and Spit XIVs. Little over 200 built but few, if any, saw action. You have 24 allotted.
Ba 65, little over 200 built, you have 28 allotted. Saw little or no action.
Ba 88, less than 150 built, you have 28 allotted. Saw little or no action.
P108, little over 150 built. You have 24 allotted. Saw little or no action.
Individual Unit Notes:
Regarding your Graf Zep unit. The Luftwaffe was working on the 109 for carrier take-off though the 190 with its radial engine would most likely have seen carrier service, other types were also on the board. The Stuka could of served as the bomber craft for the Zeppelin. You currently have an early Jap Zero and a Kate, which was a torpedo bomber. If you want to keep those Jap planes I suggest the Val (D3A) instead of the B5N. The Val was a dive bomber and would have been better suited for the Germans. Same goes for the Aguila though Id have to ask around what planes the Italians would use on a carrier. They would have had several choices as most of their early planes were of radial design.
The Jet Group unit should be more He-162s and fewer Me-163s for that nuke event. The 163 was a waste of men and material. The 162s were cheaper, safer and MUCH easier for the Germans to mass produce. It was a kind of Volkswagen for the air a peoples fighter plane.
The Swedish bomber unit is WAY too heavy. 400 buffs for Sweden? I have not seen numbers higher than half that! You may want to review the Swedish TOE chart below and adjust accordingly.
Increase size of German air units at start see note below on number of Luftwaffe fighters in 39.
Other Notes:
In September, 1939 the Luftwaffe had a front line strength of 1,200 fighters.
The following is a lot of info on the Italian AF, use it as you see fit:
|
Royal Italian Air Force Regia Aeronautica Order of Battle |
| Command or Ship | Aircraft | Location and Status | Commander |
| 1st Air Region | |||
| Headquarters | Milano | ||
| 4th Bomber Division "DRAGO" | Novara | ||
| 43rd Bomber Wing | Cameri | ||
| 98th Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Cameri | |
| 99th Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Cameri | |
| 7th Bomber Wing | Lonate Pozzolo | ||
| 4th Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Lonate Pozzolo | |
| 25th Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Lonate Pozzolo | |
| 13th Bomber Wing | Piacenza | ||
| 11th Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Piacenza | |
| 43rd Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Piacenza | |
| 2nd Fighter Division "BOREA" | Torino-Caselle | ||
| 3rd Fighter Wing | Novi Ligure | ||
| 18th Fighter Squadron | Cr-42 | Novi Ligure | |
| 23rd Fighter Squadron | Cr-42 | Novi Ligure | |
| 53rd Fighter Wing | Torino-Caselle | ||
| 150th Fighter Squadron | Cr-42 | Torino-Caselle | |
| 151st Fighter Squadron | Cr-42 | Torino-Caselle | |
| 6th Bomber Division "FALCO" | Padova | ||
| 9th (Independent) Fighter Squadron | Cr-42 | Gorizia | |
| 16th Bomber Wing | Vicenza | ||
| 50th Bomber Squadron | Cant Z.1007bis | Vicenza | |
| 56th Bomber Squadron | Cant Z.1007bis | Vicenza | |
| 18th Bomber Wing | Aviano | ||
| 31st Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Aviano | |
| 37th Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Aviano | |
| 47th Bomber Wing | Ghedi | ||
| 106th Bomber Squadron | Cant Z.1007bis | Ghedi | |
| 107th Bomber Squadron | Cant Z.1007bis | Ghedi | |
| 2nd Air Region | |||
| Headquarters | Palermo | ||
| 3rd Bomber Division "CENTAURO" | Catania | ||
| 11th Bomber Wing | Comiso | ||
| 33rd Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Comiso | |
| 34th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Comiso | |
| 41st Bomber Wing | Gela | ||
| 59th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Gela | |
| 60th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Gela | |
| 24th Bomber Wing | Catania | ||
| 52nd Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Catania | |
| 53rd Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Catania | |
| 11th Bomber Brigade "NIBBIO" | Castelvetrano | ||
| 96th (Independent) Bomber Squadron | SM-95c | Reggio Calabria | |
| 30th Bomber Wing | Sciacca | ||
| 87th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Sciacca | |
| 90th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Sciacca | |
| 36th Bomber Wing | Castelvetrano | ||
| 108th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Castelvetrano | |
| 109th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Castelvetrano | |
| 1st Fighter Division "AQUILA" | Palermo | ||
| 6th (Independent) Fighter Squadron | MC.200 | Comiso | |
| 30th Recon Flight | Ro.37bis | Palermo | |
| 1st Fighter Wing | Palermo | ||
| 17th Fighter Squadron | Cr-42 | Palermo | |
| 157th Fighter Squadron | Cr-42 | Palermo | |
| 3rd Air Region | |||
| Headquarters | Roma | ||
| 5th Bomber Division "EOLO" | Viterbo | ||
| 46th Bomber Wing | Pisa | ||
| 104th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Pisa | |
| 105th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Pisa | |
| 9th Bomber Wing | Viterbo | ||
| 26th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Viterbo | |
| 29th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Viterbo | |
| 8th Fighter Brigade "ASTORE" | Roma-Ciampino | ||
| 7th (Independent) Fighter Squadron | Ba.88 | Campiglia | |
| 51st Fighter Wing | Roma-Ciampino | ||
| 20th Fighter Squadron | G.50 | Roma-Ciampino | |
| 21st Fighter Squadron | G.50 | Roma-Ciampino | |
| 52nd Fighter Wing | Pontedera | ||
| 22nd Fighter Squadron | G.50 | Pontedera | |
| 24th Fighter Squadron | G.50 | Pontedera | |
| 4th Territorial Air Zone | |||
| Headquarters | Bari | ||
| 116th (Independent) Bomber Squadron | Br-20 | Grottaglie | |
| 2nd (Independent) Fighter Squadron | Cr-32 | Grottaglie | |
| 35th Bomber Wing | Brindisi | ||
| 86th Bomber Squadron | Cant Z.501 | Brindisi | |
| 96th Bomber Squadron | Cant Z.506bis | Brindisi | |
| 37th Bomber Wing | Lecce | ||
| 54th Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | Lecce | |
| 29th Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | Lecce | |
| Sardinia Air Command | |||
| Headquarters | Cagliari | ||
| 10th Bomber Brigade "MARTE" | Cagliari | ||
| 3rd (Independent) Fighter Squadron | Cr-32 | Monserrato | |
| 19th (Independent) Ground Attack Squadron | Ba.88 | Algher | |
| 124th Recon Flight | Ro.37 | Cagliari-Elmas | |
| 8th Bomber Wing | Villacidro | ||
| 27th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Villacidro | |
| 28th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Villacidro | |
| 31st Bomber Wing | Cagliari-Elmas | ||
| 93rd Bomber Squadron | Cant Z.506bis | Cagliari-Elmas | |
| 94th Bomber Squadron | Cant Z.506bis | Cagliari-Elmas | |
| 32nd Bomber Wing | Decimomannu | ||
| 88th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Decimomannu | |
| 89th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Decimomannu | |
| Albania Air Command | |||
| Headquarters | Tirana | ||
| 38th (Independent) Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | Tirana | |
| 160th (Independent) Fighter Squadron | Cr-32 | Tirana | |
| 120th Recon Flight | Ro.37bis | Tirana | |
| Aegean Air Command | |||
| Headquarters | Rhodes | ||
| 161st (Independent) Fighter Squadron | Ro.44 | Leros | |
| 163rd (Independent) Fighter Squadron | Cr-32 | Maritza | |
| 39th Bomber Wing | Gadurra | ||
| 56th Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | Gadurra | |
| 92nd Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | Maritza | |
| Lybia Air Command - West | |||
| Headquarters | Tripoli | ||
| 1st Sahara Recon Squadron | Ca.309 | Mellaha | |
| 26th (Independent) Recon Squadron | Ca.309 | Hon | |
| 122nd Recon Flight | Ro.37bis | Mellaha | |
| 136th Recon Flight | Ro.37bis | Tripoli | |
| 15th Bomber Wing | Tarhuna | ||
| 46th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Tarhuna | |
| 47th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Tarhuna | |
| 33rd Bomber Wing | Bir Bhera | ||
| 35th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Bir Bhera | |
| 37th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Bir Bhera | |
| 50th Ground Attack Wing | Sorman | ||
| 12th Ground Attack Squadron | Ba.65 | Sorman | |
| 16th Ground Attack Squadron | Ca.310bis | Sorman | |
| 2nd Fighter Wing | Castel Benito | ||
| 13th Fighter Squadron | Cr-42 | Castel Benito | |
| 1st Recon Squadron | Ca.309 | Mellaha | |
| Lybia Air Command - East | |||
| Headquarters | Bengasi | ||
| 2nd Sahara Recon Squadron | Ca.309 | El Adem | |
| 127th Recon Flight | Ro.37bis | El Adem | |
| 137th Recon Flight | Ro.37bis | El Adem | |
| 13th Bomber Division "PEGASO" | Bengasi | ||
| 14th Bomber Wing | El Adem | ||
| 44th Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | El Adem | |
| 45th Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | El Adem | |
| 10th Bomber Wing | Benin | ||
| 30th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Benin | |
| 32nd Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Benin | |
| 14th Fighter Brigade "REX" | Tobruk | ||
| 8th Fighter Squadron | Cr-32 | Tobruk | |
| 10th Fighter Squadron | Cr-32 | Tobruk | |
| Italian East Africa Air Command - North | |||
| Headquarters | Assab | ||
| 25th Bomber Squadron | Ca.133 | Bahar Dar | |
| 26th Bomber Squadron | Ca.133 | Gondar | |
| 27th Bomber Squadron | Ca.133 | Assab | |
| 28th Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | Zula | |
| 118th Bomber Flight | Ca.133 | Assab | |
| Recon Flight "North" | Ca.133 | Agordat | |
| 409th Fighter Flight | Cr-42 | Massaua | |
| 413th Fighter Flight | Cr-42 | Assab | |
| Italian East Africa Air Command - Central | |||
| Headquarters | Addis Abeba | ||
| 4th Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | Scenele | |
| 29th Bomber Squadron | SM.81 | Assab | |
| 44th Bomber Squadron | SM.79 | Ghiniele | |
| 49th Bomber Squadron | Ca.133 | Gimma | |
| 41st Recon Flight | Ca.133 | Addis Abeba | |
| 110th Recon Flight | Ro.37 | Dire Daua | |
| 410th Fighter Flight | Cr-32 | Dire Daua | |
| 411th Fighter Flight | Cr-32 | Dire Daua | |
| Italian East Africa Air Command - South | |||
| Headquarters | Mogadiscio | ||
| 31st Bomber Squadron | Ca.133 | Neghelli | |
| Recon Flight "South" | Ca.133 | Mogadiscio | |
| Special Air Services Command | |||
| Headquarters | |||
| 147th Squadron | SM.75 | ||
| 148th Squadron | SM-73 | ||
| 149th Squadron | SM.82 | ||
| 604th Flight | SM.75 | ||
| 608th Flight | SM.82 | ||
| 610th Flight | SM.75 | ||
| 615th Flight | SM.83 | ||
| 616th Flight | SM.74 | ||
| Italian East Africa Detachment | SM.73; Ca.148c; Ca.133T; Fokker F |
||
| Lybia Parachutist School Detachment | SM.81 | ||
Here is a nice breakdown of the Finish AF at the start of hostilities.
Finnish Air Force Strength, November 1939
Fokker C.X 29
Fokker C.V 7
Fieseler Fi.156 Storch 2
Blackburn Ripon 8
Junkers K.43 7
VL Saaski 3
VL Kotka 1
Fokker D.XXI 36
De Havilland Moth 3
Bristol Bulldog 10
Bristol Blenheim 16
Some equipment was sent or promised during the Winter War, but did not arrive in time:
·
40 Brewster F2A-1 Buffaloes bought from USA (you can use an F4F as a sub here though it does help the Finns) (more maneuverable than later models; the Finns thought these excellent aircraft and used them throughout WW2; arrived too late for fighting.)·
35 Fiat Cr.50 Freccia, a not-as-good cousin of the MC200. Held up by Germany until after the truce, these were put to use during the Continuation War with Russia (1941-44).After the fall of France and the Low Countries, Finland's ally Germany offered several aircraft for sale or as gifts, including 44 Hawk 75As from Norway and France and additional MS-406s. and MS-410s from France. These were used against Russia in 1941.
They also captured a good deal of Russian equipment (and got some after Barbarossa from Germany) that they then used:
·
6 Pe-2 light bombers·
24 Tu-2 light bombers·
11 DB-3B medium bombersIn Jan 1943, Germany sold Finland 30 Bf109G-2s in order to upgrade their effectiveness. In the summer of 1944, Germany sold/gave an additional 36 Bf109G6s and just under 100 Bf109G-14s. These soldiered on into the early 1950s.
SWEDEN
As the 30s drew to a close, Sweden wanted to upgrade its indigenous J-5 and J-6 Jaktfalk biplanes. Swedish neutrality has been guarded by military might. The Swedes realized that this meant that they needed their own aircraft manufacturing capability. Before that was fully developed, the Flygvapnet bought aircraft from other nations, including Britain, Italy, and the USA. These include:
|
Swedish Designation |
Aircraft |
Quantity |
| J-7 | Bristol Bulldog (UK) | |
| J-8A/B | Gloster Gladiator I/II (UK) | 55 (37/18) |
| J-9 | Seversky EP-106 (P-35) (US) | 60 (60 others impounded by USAAC) |
| J-10 | Vultee P-48C (P-66) (US) | None (confiscated by USAAC) |
| J-11 | Fiat Cr.42 (Italy) | 72 |
| J-20 | Reggiane Re.2000 (Italy) | 60 |
| J-26 | North American P-51D (US) | 50 (Bought in April '45) |
| B-3/A/B/C | Junkers Ju86K (licensed) | 56 (3/20/17/16) |
| B-4 | Hawker Hart (light bomber) | 15 |
| B-5B/C | Northrop A-17A (licensed) | 91 (52/39) |
| B-6 | Republican Guardsman 2PA-204 (US) | None (confiscated by USAAC as AT-12) |
| B-16 | Caproni Bergmaschi Ca.313 (Italy) | 31 |
During the Russo-Finnish War, Sweden gave (lent) a number of Gladiators and Harts to Finland, flown by volunteer pilots released from military service.
As the war progressed, the Swedes developed their own aircraft designs:
·
Fighters: SAAB J-21A (Pusher fighter - available 1945; later changed to J-21R jet.) FFVS J-22 monoplane fighter (available 1943)·
Bombers: B-17A/B/C single-engine light level, recon, and dive bomber (available 1941) B-18 twin-engine medium bomber
Romanian AF
On 22 June 1941, the offensive power of the ARR (Aeronautica Regala Romana=Romanian Royal Aeronautics) was concentrated in the Combat Air Grouping (Gruparea Aeriana de Lupta). It was made up of four flotillas:
·
1st Bomber Flotillao
1st Bomber Group: 71st and 72nd Bomber Squadron (S-79B)o
4th Bomber Group: 76th and 77th Bomber Squadron (P. 37A & B)o
5th Bomber Group: 78th, 79th and 80th Bomber Squadron (He-111H3)·
2nd Bomber Flotillao
2nd Bomber Group: 74th and 75th Bomber Squadron (Potez 633B2)o
82nd Bomber Squadron (MB-210)o
18th Bomber Squadron (IAR-37)·
2nd Recon Flotillao
11th Recon Squadron (IAR 38)o
12th Recon Squadron (IAR 38)o
13th Recon Squadron (IAR 38)o
14th Recon Squadron (IAR 39)·
1st Fighter Flotillao
5th Fighter Group: 51st and 52nd Fighter Squadron (He-112B)o
7th Fighter Group: 56th, 57th and 58th Fighter Squadron (Bf-109E)o
8th Fighter Group: 41st, 59th and 60th Fighter Squadron (IAR-80 & A)·
1st Recon-Bomber Squadron (Blenheim Mk. I)The Combat Air Grouping had a total of 253 aircraft, out of which only 205 were available for action on 22 June
Behind the front line, the territory of Romania was divided between the 2nd Air Region:
·
3rd Fighter Group: 43rd, 44th and 45th Fighter Squadron (P.11f)·
4th Fighter Group: 46th, 49th and 50th Fighter Squadron (P.11f)·
112th Liaison Squadron (Fleet-10G)and the 3rd Air Region, which was covered by the 2nd Fighter Flotilla:
·
6th Fighter Group: 61st and 62nd Fighter Squadron (P.24E)·
113th Liaison Squadron (Fleet-10G)In Dobrogea were stationed the
·
101st Seaplane Squadron (Cant Z.501)·
102nd Seaplane Squadron (S.62B and S.55A)·
16th Recon Squadron (IAR-39)·
53rd Fighter Squadron (Hurricane Mk. I)|
Aircraft Type |
Manufacturer |
Start of Service |
Total Number |
Serial No. |
Notes |
|
P.11c |
PZL |
1939 |
28+[33] |
301-311;313-325 |
ex-Polish AF |
|
P.11f |
IAR |
1937 |
95 |
51-145 |
Polish license |
|
P.24E |
PZL |
1939 |
5 |
1-5 |
|
|
P.24E |
IAR |
1939 |
25 |
6-30 |
Polish license |
|
He-112B1/2 |
Heinkel |
1939 |
30 |
1-30 |
|
|
Hurricane Mk. I |
Hawker |
1940 |
12 |
1-12 |
|
|
Hurricane Mk. I |
Zmaj |
1941 |
3 [6] |
13-15+ |
ex-JKRV, sold by the Luftwaffe |
|
Bf-109E3/4/7 |
Messerschmitt |
1940 |
69 |
1-69 |
|
|
IAR-80A/B/C |
IAR |
1941 |
240 |
see details |
|
|
IAR-81A |
IAR |
1941 |
60 |
see details |
|
|
IAR-81C |
IAR |
1943 |
161 |
301-450+ |
|
|
Bf-109F2/4 |
Messerschmitt |
1943 |
5+ |
not available |
used with German markings |
|
Bf-109G2/4/6 |
Messerschmitt |
1943 |
200+ |
1-43+(colors) |
|
|
Bf-110C/D/F |
Messerschmitt |
1943 |
24+ * |
not available |
used with German markings |
|
Bf-109Ga4/6 |
IAR |
1945 |
75 |
301-375 |
production concluded after the war |
Bombers and assault airplanes
|
Aircraft Type |
Manufacturer |
Start of Service |
Total Number |
Serial No. |
Notes |
|
Potez 25 |
IAR |
1929 |
217 |
1-217 |
still in use as a bomber/trainer in early 40s |
|
Potez 543 |
Potez |
1935 |
10 |
1-10 |
still in use as a bomber/trainer and transport in early 40s |
|
MB-210 Bn4 |
Bloch |
1937 |
10 |
1-10 |
|
|
S-79B |
SIAI |
1938 |
24 |
1-24 |
only 22 arrived in Romania |
|
IAR-37 |
IAR |
1939 |
50 |
1-50 |
|
|
Potez-633B2 |
Potez |
1939 |
29 |
1-20+ |
|
|
P.23A/B Karas |
PZL |
1939 |
19[31] |
1-19 |
only 11 were armed |
|
P.37A/B Los |
PZL |
1939 |
22[27] |
201-222 |
only 19 were armed |
|
He-111H3 |
Heinkel |
1940 |
32 |
1-32 |
|
|
JIS-79B |
SIAI |
1941 |
8[24] |
149-156 |
|
|
JRS-79B |
IAR |
1941 |
36 |
101-136 |
|
|
Potez 631C3 |
Potez |
not available |
10 |
not available |
|
|
He-111H6 |
Heinkel |
1942 |
15 |
47-60+ |
|
|
Potez 63.11A3 |
Potez |
1941 |
12+ |
French markings |
used as light bomber/trainer |
|
JRS-79B1 |
IAR |
1943 |
36 |
201-236 |
production concluded after the war |
|
B-24 Liberator |
Consolidated/IAR |
1943 |
3+ |
not available |
rebuilt from crashed airplanes, used only as trainer |
|
Hs-129B2 |
Henschel |
1943 |
200+ |
101-132+; 211-238+; 311-338+ |
|
|
Ju-87D3/5 |
Junkers |
1943 |
160+ |
1-45; 178-205; 860-872 |
|
|
Ju-88A4/14 |
Junkers |
1943 |
80+ |
101-145+ & 300 |
|
The following is some plane info with pertinent information highlighted in blue.
AXIS AF
Messerschmitt Bf 109
(Germany)
The Bf 109 was the Luftwaffe's standard fighter throughout WWII, and the
production of the Bf 109 was larger than that of any other fighter. It was a
quite revolutionary design, the smallest aircraft that could be built around a
powerful engine. Advantages were good performance and handling, and a simple
construction; disadvantages were restricted vision, bad landing characteristics,
and the inability to carry heavy armament without adverse affects on handling.
The E was one of the best fighters in the world, on a par with the Spitfire; the
F was a fine fighter with limited armament; the G suffered from detoriated
handling. The K was the last series-produced model. Some extreme developments,
elongated, with longer wings and Jumo engines, never reached service.
Projects to replace the 109 all failed.
Approx 35000 built. Czechoslovakaia and Spain
continued production of developments after WWII.
Junkers Ju 87 'Stuka'

(Germany)
'Stuka' or 'Sturzkampfflugzeug' was the general German terminology for
dive-bombers, but the Ju 87 with its inverted gull wing, and fixed-undercarriage
was the most famous and feared of all. The Ju 87 was ugly, sturdy, accurate, but
very vulnerable to enemy fighters; its use demanded air superiority. But its
effectiviness in destroying fortifications or ships, or just scaring people, was
undoubted. On the eastern front the last Ju 87 versions were employed as
anti-tank aircraft with underwing 37mm guns. Over 5700
built.
Heinkel He 111

(Germany)
Medium bomber, also used in small numbers as civilian transport. The early
versions of the He 111 -- with a stepped cockpit -- flew in the Spanish civil
war. During WWII the later developments of the He 111 with an unstepped,
assymetric, extensivily glazed nose were used. The He 111 was a good medium
bomber, but suffered severely from the Luftwaffe's lack of long-range escort
fighters, and was kept in production long after it should have been replaced.
Production ceased in 1944 after more than 7300 aircraft.
Postwar Spain built He 111's with R.R. Merlin engines as the CASA 2.111.
Junkers Ju 88
(Germany)
The Ju 88 was one of the most versatile aircraft of WWII. It began its career as
a fast (dive-)bomber and reconnaissance aircraft, and later was used also as
torpedo-bomber, nightfighter, heavy day fighter and anti-tank aircraft. The
first fighter conversions of the Ju 88 were very similar to the bomber versions,
with only modifications to the nose and a gondola under the forward fuselage to
accomodate radar and guns; the later Ju 88G was a specialized fighter with the
tail of the Ju 188. The aircraft remained a formidable opponent throughout WWII.
10774 built, of which no less than 104 prototypes
and experimental versions.
Messerschmitt Bf 110
(Germany)
The Bf 110 was a heavy twin-engined fighter, designed for fighter-bomber,
bomber-interceptor, and escort fighter missions. Its use as escort fighter
during the Battle of Britain was disastrous, because the Bf 110 was too
vulnerable in a dogfight with single-engined fighters. Hence the Bf 110 acquired
a poor reputation. But it had a good record as interceptor, fighter-bomber and
especially as nightfighter. 6100 built.
Dornier Do 217

(Germany)
The Do 217 medium bomber was new design, only superficially similar to the Do
17. It was a much more capable bomber, but the original dive-bombing requirement
had to be dropped. The Do 217J and N were night intruder or nightfighter
versions, but the Do 217 was not very suitable for the fighter role. Late models
had a fully glazed, unstepped nose, and were equipped with guided bombs.
1750 built.
Focke-Wulf Fw 190

(Germany)
The small Fw 190 was one of the greatest fighters of WWII. Designed by Dr. Kurt
Tank, the Fw 190 was built as a sturdy all-round fighter, rather than a
lightweight interceptor; but the early Fw 190A's nevertheless proved clearly
superior to the Spitfire Mk.V. The Fw 190 was a better fighter than the Bf 109,
except at high altitude. The radial-engine Fw 190 was also succesfully developed
into a series of fighter-bombers. The Fw 190D-series used a liquid-cooled
Junkers engine instead of the radial BMW, and had increased span and length. The
Fw 190D (late) was a very good high-altitude interceptor, equal to the P-51D or
Spitfire XIV and without the altitude limitations of the Fw 190A. It was the
stepping-stone to the Ta 152. Total Fw 190 production was
20001.
Heinkel He 177 Greif

(Germany)
The He 177 was the only series built German heavy bomber of WWII, and a dismal
failure. The requirement that it would be able to act as a dive-bomber, and the
insistence on using two DB 606 engines -- units consisting of two joined DB601
engines -- were responsible for this failure of an otherwise advanced design.
The He 177 was overweight, had structural weaknesses and frequently suffered
from engine fires. 1094 built, but most were never used in
combat.
Heinkel He 219 Uhu

(Germany)
The He 219 was a fast twin-engined aircraft, designed to be build in heavy
fighter, fighter-bomber and nighfighter versions. Especially the nightfighter
was a succes, although it was a bit underpowered and not fast enough to
effectively intercept the British Mosquito bomber. The He 219 was doomed by
political decisions, including insistence that Heinkel should concentrate on the
construction of bombers. Only 294 were built. The
He 219 was the first production aircraft with ejection seats; the cockpit design
was one of its highly praised features.
Messerschmitt Me 410 Hornisse

(Germany)
The Me 410 was a development of the miserable Me 210, fitted with the longer
tail and automatic wing slots that were adopted for the latter to cure its
stability problems, and some more modifications. The Me 410 was indeed better
than the Me 210, but it still couldn't be considered a success. It was used
mainly as fast bomber and fighter-bomber. Many armament options were tried out,
including 210mm rockets and a 50mm gun. 1160 were built.
Arado Ar 234 Blitz

(Germany)
The Ar 234 was the world's first jet bomber. It was a fairly orthodox, but very
clean, high-wing design with a fully glazed nose. The prototypes and A-series
aircraft used a trolley for take-off and had ski landing gear, but later
aircraft had a wheeled undercarriage. Because of its high speed, the Ar 234 was
the only German aircraft that could fly reconnaissance or bombing missions in
1945. A few were converted to nightfighters. Despite its high speed, most of the
B-version aircraft had fixed, backward-firing 20mm cannon in the tail.The
experimental Ar 234C had four engines. The Ar 234 was a very effective aircraft,
but too late to have a large impact on the war. 274 built.